Read this section to learn how manage VDI components in Parallels RAS.

By default, Provider Agent is installed together with Connection Broker. However, if you want to install Provider Agent on a separate server or the push installation from the RAS Console cannot be performed for any reason. If that happens, you can install the agent by running the installer directly on the target server.

To install the dedicated Provider Agent Agent:

1. Log in to the server where you want Provider Agent installed using an administrator account and close all other applications.

Copy the standard Parallels RAS installer (RASInstaller.msi) to the server and run it:

1. When you get to the Select Installation Type page, select Custom and click Next.

2. Click on RAS Provider Agent dedicated and select Entire Feature will be installed on local hard drive from the drop-down list.

3. Ensure that all other components are cleared (excluded from the installation) and click Next.

4. Click Install and follow he onscreen instruction to install the agent.

The Provider Agent does not require any configuration. Once it is installed, go back to the RAS Console, highlight the server name and click Troubleshooting > Check Agent. If the agent is installed properly, the status should change to Agent Installed.

To uninstall the Provider Agent from a server:

1. Navigate to Start > Control Panel > Programs > Uninstall a Program.

2. Find Parallels Remote Application Server in the list of installed programs.

3. If you don't have any other Parallels RAS components on the server that you want to keep, right-click Parallels Remote Application Server and then click Uninstall. Follow the instructions to uninstall the program. You may skip the rest of these instructions.

4. If you have other RAS components that you want to keep on the server, right-click Parallels Remote Application Server and then click Change.

5. Click Next on the Welcome page.

6. On the Change, repair, or remove page, select Change.

7. On the next page, select Custom.

8. Select RAS Provider Agent dedicated, then click the drop-down list in front of it, and click Entire feature will be unavailable.

9. Click Next and complete the wizard.

Pools offer administrators more flexibility when managing an extensive number of hosts, especially when they are implemented in large company infrastructures. The RAS Console provides you with the framework and tools needed to create a complete pool management foundation. To manage pools, in the RAS Console, navigate to Farm > <Site> > VDI and then click the Pools tab.

Read this section to learn how to modify the configuration of a Provider in Parallels RAS.

Configure a Provider

To configure an existing Provider:

1. In the RAS Console, navigate to Farm > Site > Providers. .

2. In the Providers tab, select a Provider and click Tasks > Properties. The Properties dialog opens.

Enable or disable a Provider in Site

By default a Provider is enabled. To enable or disable a Provider, use the Enable provider in site option on the General tab.

Properties: configure Provider connection settings

The General tab has different properties depending on whether it's a hypervisor-based or cloud-based provider.

Hypervisor Provider:

• Type: Provider type.

• Subtype: Hypervisor version. If the hypervisor version that you are using is not listed, select Other.

• Host: The Provider host IP address.

• Port: Port number on which the Provider listens for incoming connections.

• Resource pool: This field is enabled for VMware vCenter only. If you've specified a vCenter resource pool while adding a Provider, the pool will be displayed here. The [...] button allows you to specify a different pool (or select one if the field is empty), but only if no hosts from the current pool have been created or used in Parallels RAS in any way. If Parallels RAS detects any current usage, you will see a warning message and will not be able to change it. If you still want to select a different resource pool, you'll have manually do a full clean up in the RAS Console, so that no usage of any kind exists.

• Description: An optional description.

• Dedicated Provider Agent: Select this option if you have a dedicated RAS Provider Agent installed on a different host. Enter the host FQDN or IP address in the Agent address field.

Cloud-based Provider:

• Type: Cloud-based Provider type (e.g. Microsoft Azure).

• Name: Provider name.

• Description: An optional description.

• Credentials: Credentials for the account used for installing RAS Guest Agent.

• Dedicated Provider Agent: Select this option if you have a dedicated RAS Provider Agent installed on a different host. Enter the host FQDN or IP address in the Agent address field.

For description of the remaining properties of Microsoft Azure, please see Add Microsoft Azure as a Provider.

Credentials: configure username and password

The Credentials tab has different properties depending on whether it's a hypervisor-based or cloud-based host.

Hypervisor Provider:

• Specify the username and password to log in to the Provider. Click the Check Credentials button to verify the credentials that you've entered.

Cloud-based Provider:

• See Add Microsoft Azure as a Provider or Adding AWS as a Provider.

Advanced

The Advanced tab allows you to configure a provider to automatically change the type of the used managed disk to Standard HDD for VMs that are not currently in use. When a VM is started, the managed disk is automatically changed to the original type. This feature allows you to reduce the cost of maintaining VMs.

To enable disk storage cost optimization:

1. Right-click a provider in the list and choose Properties.

2. In the provider properties window, select the Advanced tab.

3. Select the Enable disk storage cost optimization option.

4. Select the desired option in the Set timeout before enabling storage cost optimization drop-down list.

MAC addresses

This tab is only displayed for Microsoft Hyper-V Failover Cluster as the Provider. It is used to enable or disable MAC address management for hosts. For more information, please see Add a hypervisor host (read the description of the step where the MAC address management is configured).

Please note that MAC address management is available in Parallels RAS since version 18. In new Parallels RAS 18 installations, this functionality is enabled by default when a Provider of type Microsoft Hyper-V Failover Cluster is added to a farm. In older Parallels RAS versions, the functionality is disabled for existing Providers, but is enabled by default when a new Provider is added.

This topic describes how to use the same Provider in multiple RAS Farms simultaneously. To better understand the problem and the solution, consider the following hypothetical example:

• Let's say we have a hypervisor with two available virtual machines.

• We also have two Farms (1 and 2).

• Our intention is to use the first host to host resources in Farm 1 and the other to be a template in Farm 2. Both hosts will run simultaneously on the hypervisor, but each one will be available in its respective Farm only.

The problem is, RAS Guest Agent can normally communicate with one RAS Provider Agent, but since each Farm has its own RAS Provider Agent, this will not work out of the box. The solution is to make the RAS Guest Agent running in a host to be aware of only one specific RAS Provider Agent with the ability to change the assignment as needed.

The assignment is done via Windows registry. All hosts belonging to VDI pools and host clones created from a template need to have a new String value 2XVDIAgent specifying the RAS Provider Agent name or address. To add the value:

1. Log in to Windows running in the virtual machine, open the registry editor (regedit) and locate the following keys:

   • 32-bit systems: HLKM\Software\Parallels\GuestAgent

   • 64-bit systems: HLKM\Software\WOW6432Node\Parallels\GuestAgent

2. Add a String value named 2XVDIAgent. The value data should be specified as follows:

   • If a dedicated RAS Provider Agent is used, the value must be set to the FQDN or IP address of the server where the agent is installed.

   • If the built-in RAS Provider Agent is used with manual agent selection, the value must be set to the FQDN or IP address of the RAS Connection Broker.

   • If the built-in RAS Provider Agent is used and the agent is selected automatically (high availability), the string must contain FQDNs or IP addresses of all RAS Connection Brokers separated by a semicolon (i.e. <PA1 address>;<PA2 address>;<PA3 address>).

Note that you can include names or IP addresses of multiple Connection Brokers for the manual agent selection scenario as well (the second bullet in the list above). This way you will not need to change the value every time you switch the preferred Connection Broker for a Provider.

Hosts that belong to a pool (and other hosts and desktops) are managed on the VDI > Desktops tab, where you can perform all of the standard desktop management operations from the Tasks menu. The operations include Recreate, Delete, Upgrade all Agents, Assign, Unassign, Show sessions, Start, Stop, Restart, Suspend, Reset, and others. The Restart operation (graceful) has a 10 min timeout. If not completed during this time, the Reset operation (forced) will be used.

By default, the Desktops tab displays all of the desktop available in the Farm (you may need to scroll the list to see all available desktops). To see just the hosts that belong to a specific pool, select a pool in the Pools tab and click Tasks > Show hosts in Pool. This will switch you to the Desktops tab where the list will be automatically filtered to include only the VMs that belong to the selected pool.

Use the Wildcard input field at the bottom of the Pools tab to specify a wildcard to indicate which hosts should be available for users. If a VM name matches the wildcard, it will be available. If not, the users will not be able to use it. Use the asterisk operator (*) to specify a wildcard (e.g. ABC*, *ABC*).

You can enable and configure automatic updates for all VDI hosts in a host pool.

Schedule Agent auto-upgrade

To schedule Agent auto-upgrade:

1. Go to Farm > Site > VDI > Host pools > Properties > Auto-upgradee tab.

2. Clear the Inherit default settings options if you want to modify them for this host pool.

3. Select the Enable auto-upgrade maintenance window option. During the maintenance window, all hosts in the host pool will try to download Agent upgrades. The upgrades will be downloaded and installed as soon as all users log out of their hosts. New logons from users are prohibited (drain mode). If the users don't log off during a maintenance window, the upgrades won't be installed until the next window.

4. Specify the start date and time, duration, and recurrence settings for this event. To make this a one-time event, select Never in the Recur drop-down list.

5. (Optional) If you want to forcefully log off all users and download the upgrades at the end of a maintenance window, select the Force logoff of current sessions at the end of the maintenance window duration option.

6. (Optional) Configure a message that will be sent to users before or during a maintenance window. Click the Configure messages button and specify the message title, body, and the time period when it should be sent.

Cancel Agent auto-update

To cancel Agent auto-update:

1. Go to Farm > Site > VDI > Host pools.

2. Select Tasks > Cancel auto-upgrade maintenance window.

To verify that the RAS Provider Agent is installed and functions properly, do the following:

1. First, you can look at the Status column in the Farm > Site > Providers list. If there's a problem with the agent, the column will display an appropriate description. Note that in addition to the description, the Status column uses a color code to indicate the agent status as follows:

   • Red — Not Verified

   • Orange — Needs Update

   • Green — Verified

2. Right-click a host and then click Troubleshooting > Check agent in the context menu.

3. The Provider Agent Information dialog opens displaying the information about the Provider Agent, VDI Services, and other related info.

4. If the Provider Agent is not installed, click the Install button and follow the onscreen instructions. See for more info.

A VDI pool can contain different types of members. These could be all available hosts, specific hosts, and hosts created from a template.

Adding a member to a host pool

To add a member to a pool:

1. Double-click a pool in the Host pools list.

2. Select the Members tab.

3. Click the plus (+) button and choose a member type from the following list:

   • All hosts in provider. All hosts that are located on a given Provider. After clicking this options, you'll be able to select a Provider.

     Note: Parallels does not recommend to use this type because there's a possibility that hosts with unsupported OS will be added (e.g. Linux, HALB etc). If you need to use this type, please do it carefully or use a wildcard with appropriate hosts names.

   • Host. A specific host located in the Farm. After clicking this options, you'll be able to select a host from the list.

   • Resource pool. A group of hosts that were natively configured in the hypervisor as a pool. Please note that a hypervisor may use a different term for pools (e.g. "resource pools"). After clicking this option, you'll be able to select a resource pool from the list, if any are available.

   • Template. Hosts that are automatically created from a template. After selecting this option, you'll be able to select a template. For more information about templates, refer to Templates.

4. After you click one of the above menu items, you will be presented with the list of the available hosts, hosts, or templates from which you can make your selection.

Removing a member from a host pool

To remove a member from a pool:

1. Double-click a pool in the Host pools list.

2. Select the Members tab.

3. Select the pool member that you wish to delete.

4. Click the minus (-) button.

When a member is removed from a host pool, it is deleted.

Use the Preparation page to select and configure an image preparation tool.

First, select whether you want to use RASprep or Sysprep. The advantages of using RASprep and the differences between the two tools are described below.

RASprep is the Parallels RAS tool for preparing Windows in a VM after cloning it from a base image. RASprep performs the following tasks during the initial startup of each new VM:

• Creates a new computer account in Active Directory for each host.

• Gives the host a new name.

• Joins the host to the Active Directory domain.

Compared to Sysprep, RASprep works much faster because it modifies a lower number of configurable parameters and requires less reboots.

The following table lists the main differences between RASprep and Sysprep:

After selecting the preparation tool, specify the following options:

• Computer name: A name pattern that should be used to assign a computer name. For example, Windows10-RAS-%ID%.

• Owner name: Owner name (optional).

• Organization: Organization name (optional).

• Administrative password: Local Windows administrator password.

• Join domain: A domain name for the VM to join.

• Administrator: Domain account.

• Password: Domain account password.

• Target OU: Full DN of an organizational unit. Click the [...] button to browse Active Directory and select an OU.

To delete a host pool:

Right-click it and then click Delete (or click the minus-sign icon, or Tasks > Delete).

To add a host pool:

1. In the RAS console, navigate to Farm > <Site> > VDIHost pools.

2. Click the Tasks drop-down list above the Host Pools list and then click Add (or click the plus-sign icon). This opens the Add VDI host pool wizard.

3. Select Enable Host pool in site to enable the host pool. Specify the name and the description for the new host pool.

4. Click Next.

5. On the Provisioning page, select whether this host pool will contain template-based or standalone hosts:

   • Template: Hosts will be created dynamically from a template. You will need to create or select an existing template in the next step or later. Choosing Template as the provisioning type ensures a homogeneous host pool, which is recommended to provide consistent user experience across the host pool.

   • Standalone: Select one or more hosts that already exist. You'll be able to do it in the next step or you can do it later. Prior to adding hosts to host pools, ensure that hosts are domain joined and have network access to the domain environment. Note that the Standalone provisioning is considered "unmanaged" as it lacks some of the functionality, such as Autoscaling.

6. Depending on the selection made on the Provisioning page (above), do one of the following

   • Standalone: Select one or more hosts from the list to be included in the host pool (you can also add hosts to the pool later).

   • Template: Select a template from the list or click Create new to create a new template and specify the template settings. Versions: If you selected an existing template, select one of its versions.

7. Click Next.

8. (Templates only) On the General settings page, specify the following options:

   • Template name: Choose and type a template name.

   • Maximum hosts: Specify the maximum number of hosts that can be created from this template.

   • Number of hosts deployed on wizard completion: The number of hosts to deploy once the template is created. Please keep in mind that this will take some time because the hosts will be created one at a time.

   • Host name: A pattern to use when naming new hosts.

9. Click Next.

10. (Templates only) On the Settings page, specify the following options:

    • Keep available buffer: The minimum number of hosts to always keep unassigned and session free for the template. As soon as the number of free and unassigned desktops drops below the setting value, it forces the template to create another host. The template uses its own settings for host creation including initial power state.

    • Host state after the preparation: Select the power state that should be applied to a host after it is prepared. Choose from Powered on, Powered off, or Suspended. Note that when the power state is set to Power off or Suspended, the number of running (fully ready and waiting for incoming connections) hosts is controlled by the Keep available buffer setting (see above). For example, let's say the Maximum hosts value is set at 200, the number of guest hosts deployed on wizard completion is 100, and the power state after preparation is Powered off. The result of such a configuration will be 100 clones deployed and powered off.

    • Delete unused hosts after: Select what to do with unused hosts to save resources. Choose whether to never delete them or specify the time period after which they should be deleted.

11. Click Next.

12. On the Host pool settings page, specify the following options:

    • On session: Select when an action triggers.

    • Perform action: Select an action.

    • After: Select how much time must pass before action triggers.

13. Click Next.

14. On the User profile page, you can select from Do not manage by RAS (user profiles will not be managed) or FSlogix. Microsoft FSLogix Profile Container allows to maintain user context in non-persistent environments, minimize sign-in times and provides native profile experience eliminating compatibility issues. For complete instructions, please see User profile.

15. Click Next.

16. (Standalone only) On the Optimization page, configure optimization as described in Optimization.

17. On the Summary page, review the template summary information. You can click the Back button to correct some of the information if needed.

18. Finally, click Finish to create the host pool and close the wizard.

On the Summary page, review the template summary information. You can click the Back button to correct some of the information if needed.

Finally, click Finish to create the template and close the wizard.

On the General page, specify the following options:

• Template name: Choose and type a template name.

• Clone method: Whether to create linked or full clones. A full clone is a complete copy of a template. As such, it occupies as much space on the physical hard drive as the source template and takes a significant time to create. A linked clone is a copy of a template made from a snapshot that shares virtual disk with the source template, therefore it takes much less space on the physical hard drive and it takes only a couple of minutes to create.

  You should use full clones if your application and OS updates are too slow (full clones take longer to create, but they provide the best possible performance). Otherwise if your updates are fast enough, use linked clones as it takes much less time to create them.

• (Microsoft Azure only) Availability set: Select a Microsoft Azure availability set.

Virtual desktop templates are the essential part of the Parallels RAS VDI. They are used to create hosts for publishing of desktops, applications, documents, etc. The guest OS support is the same as for RAS Guest Agent (which must be installed in a VM). See Software requirements.

Hosts created from a Virtual desktop template normally serve a single user. They are managed entirely from within the RAS VDI, which includes such features as creating persistent VMs, managing VDI sessions, publishing resources from a specific Virtual desktop template, and others.

Requirements

To complete the tasks described in this section, the following requirements must be met:

• For hypervisor-based hosts, make sure the hypervisor tools are installed and running in the host.

• Make sure you know account credentials that will allow you to push install the agent software on a VM. If you run the Parallels RAS console using such credentials (e.g. a domain admin), you will not be asked to enter them during the agent installation. If you run the console using a different account, you'll be asked to enter credentials when you install the agent.

• The guest OS (Windows) running in the VM must be configured to obtain an IP address from a DHCP server.

• For users to access published resources in a host, the RDP port must be open locally or via Group Policy in Windows running in the VM. The default RDP port is 3389.

• For RD Session Host templates, Network Discovery UDP port 137 must be enabled for a domain firewall profile in the guest OS. This can be done via domain group policies or manually in the guest OS.

Manual agent installation

Normally, you will push install the necessary agent software in a source VM right from the Parallels RAS console (as described later in this section). However, you can also install the software manually by running the Parallels RAS installer in Windows in the VM. When doing so, use the Custom installation option and select RAS Guest Agent to be installed in the source VM.

Create a template

To begin creating a template:

1. In the RAS Console, navigate to Farm > <Site> > VDI.

2. Select the Templates tab in the right pane.

3. In the Tasks drop-down list, click Add (or click the "+" icon)

4. In the dialog that opens, select a host from which you would like to create a template and click OK.

5. The Create Parallels Template Wizard opens. Each wizard page is described below in the order they appear on the screen.

6. Verify that the Agent is installed and install it manually if needed as described in Step 1: Check and install the Agent. This step only appears if an on-premises Provider is used.

7. Configure the template as described in Step 2: Configure the template.

The Optimization page allows you to specify settings that will be used to optimize Windows running in hosts for best performance in a Parallels RAS environment. You can select Windows components, services, and other options that will be disabled, removed, or optimized to ensure a more efficient, streamlined, and improved delivery of virtual apps and desktops. For the complete description, please see Optimization.

After reading the Optimization section mentioned above, please also note the following VDI specifics:

• Optimization is disabled by default when you create a new template. If you plan to enable it, you should make a backup (create a full clone) of the source host before doing so. You can also create a template with optimization disabled, then create a snapshot, and only then enable optimization. Making a backup is a good idea because once optimization settings are applied, they cannot be rolled back.

• To enable optimization for an existing template, the template must be in maintenance. A template in the "Ready" state has the Optimization tab disabled.

• When optimization is enabled or modified for an existing template and the template exits the maintenance mode, the administrator will be asked to recreate existing hosts, so that optimization settings are applied to them. Note that hosts must be recreated (now or later) to receive optimization settings.

• When optimization is applied to a template, its status changes to Optimization in progress (among others). At this stage, you can select the template in the list and click Tasks > Stop optimization, which will cancel the operation.

The Parallels RAS Test Template Wizard is used to test the health of a template. The wizard allows you to see that all post-prep activities for a template complete correctly. This includes checking DHCP settings, DNS registration, correct VLAN, joining the AD domain, correct target OU, etc.

To open the wizard, right-click a template in the Parallels RAS console and choose Test. The test procedure consists of the following steps:

1. The template is switched temporarily to the "Test" mode designed specifically for this purpose. Please note that while the template is in this mode, all other operations are blocked until the test is finished and the template exits the test mode.

2. A host is cloned from it to be used for testing. The VM is kept on the server for the duration of the test and will be deleted afterwards.

3. A series of tests is then run on the host to test the template from which it was created.

4. Once the test is complete, a report is displayed on the screen showing the test results.

When the wizard starts:

1. The Welcome page opens. Read the info that it contains and click Next when ready.

2. The next page displays the list of individual tests that will be performed, including:

   • Check host Agent: This test tries to communicate with the RAS Guest Agent installed in the VM. If the agent responds, it means that the VM has been created and started successfully.

   • Check domain membership: Checks that the computer has joined the AD domain.

   • Check target OU: Checks that the RDP connection to the computer is possible with domain credentials.

   • Launch Parallels Client: This test launches Parallels Client and establishes a connection with the host.

3. While the test is running, the progress indicator is displayed on the screen. If needed, you can cancel the test at any time by clicking the Cancel button.

4. Once all tests are completed, you will see a page displaying the test results:

   • Success: If all tests complete successfully, the temporary host will be marked for deletion and the template will be switched back to the normal operation mode.

   • Failure: If one or more tests fail, you will see the corresponding info and will be able to download the log file by clicking the Download log file link. You will also have an option to switch the template to maintenance mode, which will prevent creating hosts from it until it is fixed.

5. Click Finish to close the wizard.

Templates are used to automate the creation and deployment of hosts in Parallels RAS. A template is based on an existing virtual machine created with one of the hypervisors supported by Parallels RAS. Once a template is ready, it can be used to create clones (hosts) that will inherit all properties of the template. The resulting hosts can then be used to host published resources.

Read the following topics to learn how to create and use a template.

When you create a template, it is normally managed by a single Provider, which is the same provider to which the source virtual machine belongs. Clones are deployed from the template and run on the same Provider, which was used to create the template. Cloned hosts are usually stored on a centrally shared storage, such as Storage Area Network (SAN).

Beginning with Parallels RAS 18, admins have the ability to create a template and distribute it to multiple Microsoft Hyper-V hosts. As a result, the template configuration, as seen in the Parallels RAS Console, is shared among multiple Microsoft Hyper-V hosts, while each host has its own copy of the template residing on its local storage. This makes it possible to deploy clones not only to a centrally shared storage, but also to local disks of multiple independent Microsoft Hyper-V hosts. Scaling out is easily carried out by adding as many Microsoft Hyper-V hosts to the template distribution list as necessary.

Template distribution is configured on the Distribution page of the Create Parallels Template Wizard, which is described in the subsequent sections. If you are planning on using the template distribution functionality, please read the Prerequisites subsection below before running the wizard.

For more information about managing multi-provider distribution for a template, see also Managing multi-provider template distribution.

Prerequisites

• Template distribution is supported on a standalone Microsoft Hyper-V Server 2012R, 2016, 2019, 2022.

• All target Providers must have identical:

  - Provider type and subtype.

  - Folder path where hosts will reside.

  - Virtual switch name to which hosts are connected.

• Hyper-V hosts must be domain-joined. The current implementation uses a full VM copy of the template to distribute the template to other hosts (local storage) via the Hyper-V Live Migration mechanism.

• The Microsoft Hyper-V server hosting the source VM may also be used as a target host.

• Always ensure that enough storage space is available prior to choosing target hosts to which the template will be distributed and on which clones will be created.

• Hyper-V settings must have Kerberos authentication enabled and appropriate delegations configured in AD:

  - Go to Hyper-V settings for the host machines and enable Live Migration using Kerberos.

  - Go to Active Directory Users and Computers and for each Hyper-V host server enable delegation for "cifs" and "Microsoft Virtual System Migration Service" for all servers you want to migrate To and From.

After a template is created, Parallels RAS begins creating hosts from it, one virtual machine at a time. The number of VMs created at this time is determined by the Number of hosts deployed on the wizard completion property (all property names here and later refer to the Create Template Wizard described earlier).

The number of VMs available at any time will never go below the number specified in the Keep available buffer property. To comply with this rule, a new VM is automatically created when needed. At the same time, the total number of VMs will never exceed the number specified in the Maximum hosts property.

Please note that creating a new host from a template takes some time, especially when a template is configured to create full clones (linked clones are created much faster). If a host is in the middle of being created, and no other VMs are available, a user (or users) who need it will have to wait until the VM is ready.

If a host encounters a problem during the preparation stage, it will remain on the server in unusable state. You can identify such VMs by the Failed to create value in the Status column. Unless a VM like this is repaired or recreated, it will be automatically removed after the time period specified in the Auto remove hosts which failed preparation after field in Site defaults (Farm > <Site> > VDI > Desktops > Tasks > Site defaults). You can view the details of the failure to create a host by clicking on the Details link in the Status column or double-clicking the column. You can also choose Recreate or Delete from the same menu. For more information on how to recreate a host, please see the Template maintenance section.

Auto-deletion of hosts

A host is automatically deleted when it is not used longer than specified in the Delete unused hosts after field in template properties.

A template can be put into to a special mode called "maintenance", which is primarily used to update or install software in the guest operating system. While in this mode, the template becomes unavailable for all normal tasks, including creating new hosts, and it becomes possible to start it as a regular virtual machine. Once the virtual machine is running, you can install or update software in the guest OS or perform administrative tasks in the operating system.

Depending on whether a template is configured for full or linked clones, the maintenance mode is used slightly differently, as described below.

Full clones

If your template is configured to create full clones, do the following:

1. Select a template and click Tasks > Maintenance and select the template version to be put in maintenance. The template becomes disabled (grayed out) and all operations on it are suspended. The status of template in the Status column changes to Entering maintenance and when completed, changes to Maintenance.

2. Using native tools of the hypervisor, start the template as a normal virtual machine.

3. Install Windows updates or software as necessary.

4. When done, shut down the virtual machine.

5. Back in the RAS Console, select the template and click Tasks > Maintenance again to exit the maintenance mode. You will see a dialog where you can choose whether to create a new version or discard the changes. Select Create a new version.

1. Create a new template version as described in section Using template versions, subsection "Creating a new version". When you update a full clone template, the changes will only affect future clones. For existing clones to have these updates, they must be recreated. You can choose to recreate existing hosts now or you can postpone it. Please note that recreating a full clone is a time consuming process. Also, a new app may be installed in a full clone VM or a user profile may be changed while the recreation is in progress, all of which will be lost. To minimize impact on users, it makes sense to schedule a maintenance window during which the clones can be recreated.

Linked clones

Since linked clones share the virtual hard disk with a snapshot of a template, you need to take additional steps compared to full clones.

First, you need to notify host users to save their data and log off. This is necessary for existing hosts to include the updates that you will install in the template. Once all users are logged off, do the following:

1. Select a template and click Tasks > Maintenance and select the template version to be put in maintenance. The template becomes disabled (grayed out) and all operations on it are suspended. The status of the operation is displayed at the bottom of the window.

2. Using native tools of the hypervisor, start the template as a normal virtual machine.

3. Install Windows updates or software as necessary.

4. When done, shut down the virtual machine.

5. Back in the RAS Console, select the template and click Tasks > Maintenance again to exit the maintenance mode. You will see a dialog where you can choose whether to create a new version or discard the changes. Select Create a new version.

1. Create a new template version as described in section Using template versions, subsection "Creating a new version". Please note that if you create a new version without recreating linked clones, you will have to recreate them manually or by using scheduler.

Updating RAS Guest Agent inside a template

A template must have the latest version of RAS Guest Agent installed in it. The agent is installed when you create a template. When a new version of RAS Guest Agent becomes available, it should be updated. To update the agent, the maintenance mode must be used as described above. To simplify agent updates, Parallels RAS monitors all installed agents and notifies the administrator when an update is available.

When the RAS Console starts, all installed agents are checked and a message is displayed if one or more agents need to be updated. This applies to servers in the RAS infrastructure and the templates. The message will ask if you want to update all agents. If you click Yes, you are presented with a dialog listing all servers and templates on which an agent needs to be updated. You can select or un-select a server/template to include it in the bulk update procedure or exclude it. Once you've made your selection, click OK to start the update. Follow the onscreen instructions and update the agents.

When you update the Agent in a linked clone template, you'll be asked if you want to recreate all hosts that were created from this template. You can click Yes and they will be automatically recreated to match the template.

When you update the Agent in a full clone template, full clone hosts are not automatically recreated. You will be asked if you want to recreate them. If you decide to do so, please note that full clone VMs are complete machines, so recreating them is a time-consuming process. Alternatively, you can update the agent in these VMs by push-installing it from the RAS Console. This can be done by clicking Tasks > Upgrade all Agents while on the VDI > Desktops tab.

To manually check the RAS Guest Agent status in a template, click Tasks > Check agent. If the agent is up to date, a message box is displayed confirming this. If a newer version of RAS Guest Agent is available, you'll see a dialog asking you to update it. Please note that the difference in updating full and linked clone templates (as described above) applies to this scenario as well.

Maintaining RD Session Hosts based on a template

If you need to do a scheduled maintenance of RD Session Hosts that were created from a template, please follow these steps:

1. Create a schedule that fits your maintenance window to drain a desired RD Session Host group.

2. During maintenance (or right before it) switch the template into maintenance mode. Then apply the necessary changes.

3. The schedule disables groups provisioned by the template (while the maintenance window lasts) which leads to removing (unassigning) all hosts from them.

4. Release the template from maintenance and click Yes when asked whether to recreate all clones.

5. Enable groups which were disabled in step 3 (above). At this point, the groups will begin receiving hosts to comply with Keep Available Buffer setting

6. From this point forward, groups are provisioned with VMs on demand.

This section describes the host naming pattern that you specify on the Properties page of the template creation wizard.

Each time a new host is created, a name for it is generated automatically based on the pattern that you specify in the Host name field. The complete name format is as follows:

<prefix>%ID:N:S%<ending>

where:

• <prefix> is an alphanumeric string that must begin with a letter (not a digit).

• %ID:N:S% is a numeric pattern used to automatically generate a unique host ID. See the Numeric pattern subsection below.

• <ending> is a free-form alphanumeric string.

Numeric pattern

The numeric pattern in the VM name has the following format:

%ID:N:S%

The elements in the pattern above are:

• ID — Must be included as is.

• N — The number of digits to use, including leading zeros. Use "0" if you don't want to insert leading zeros.

• S — The starting number. This element is optional. If you don't include it, the number will start with 1.

Examples:

• %ID:3% — This pattern will generate 3 digit numbers with leading zeros, such as "001", "002", "003"...."998", "999".

• %ID:3:200% — This example will generate 3 digit numbers starting from 200, such as "200", "201", "202"..."998", "999".

• VDI-R1-%ID:3:100% — This is a complete name with an alphanumeric prefix and a numeric pattern. The resulting names will look like the following: "VDI-R1-100", "VDI-R1-101", etc.

When crating a name pattern, follow the rules listed below. If any of these rules are not observed, you will see an error message and will have to correct it:

• The name must start with a letter. A digit is not allowed as the first character.

• The alphanumeric part of a name can contain letters, digits, and a hyphen. No other characters are allowed.

• The total length of the name must not exceed 15 characters.

• The name can include just one numerical pattern (%ID:N:S%), which must be placed at the end or in the middle of the name.

The pattern that you specify is also validated against the value of the Maximum hosts field. If the pattern doesn't cover the maximum number of hosts, you will get an error and will have to correct it.

Reusing VM numbers in a name

When you delete a host, the number that was assigned to it becomes unused. The next host that is created will be given this number, so there are no gaps in numbering.

Hosts and other desktops are managed on the VDI > Desktops tab, where you can perform all of the standard desktop management operations from the Tasks menu. The operations include Recreate, Delete, Upgrade all Agents, Assign, Unassign, Show sessions, Start, Stop, Restart, Suspend, Reset, and others. The Restart operation (graceful) has a 10 min timeout. If not completed during this time, the Reset operation (forced) will be used.

By default, the Desktops tab displays all of the desktop available in the Farm (you may need to scroll the list to see all available desktops). To see just the hosts that belong to a specific template, select a template in the Templates tab and click Tasks > Show hosts. This will switch you to the Desktops tab where the list will be automatically filtered to include only the VMs that belong to the selected template.

For more information, see Managing hosts.

Once the agent is installed, and the Status field on the Check Agent wizard page confirms this, click Next. The VM will now be powered off (wait for the power off operation to finish). Once the VM is powered off, the template configuration Step begins.

The subsequent wizard pages are described in the sections that follow this one. Please note that many of the wizard pages inherit the information from Site default settings, but you can override it if needed. To specify your own settings, clear the Inherit default settings option. To see and edit default settings, click the Edit Defaults link. For more information, see Site defaults.

This step only appears if an on-premises Provider is used. It will not appear for Azure Virtual Desktop and cloud providers.

In this step, the wizard will check if the selected VM has the RAS Guest Agent installed. Wait for it to finish and then examine the Status field (closer to the bottom of the page). Depending on the result, do one of the following:

• If the agent is installed, click Next to continue. You may stop reading here and jump to Step 2: Configure the template.

• If the agent is not installed, you need to install it as described below.

To install the agent, first click the Customize Guest Agent deployment settings link and specify the options in the dialog that opens. None of the options are forced, so you can select or clear them depending on your needs. Note that depending on the template type, the options are different, as described below.

Virtual desktop:

• Add firewall rules: Automatically configure firewall rules in the host.

• Allow remote desktop connections: Select to automatically configure remote desktop access in the VM.

• Specify users or groups to be added to the Remote Desktop Users group: Select this option and then click the [+] icon to add specific users to the group.

RD Session Host:

• Add firewall rules: Automatically configure firewall rules in the host.

• Note: Network Discovery UDP port 137 must be enabled for a domain firewall profile in the guest OS as a separate step. This can be done via domain group policies or manually in the guest OS.

• Install RDS role: Install the RDS role in the host.

• Enable Desktop Experience: Enable the Desktop Experience feature in Windows.

• Restart server if required: Restart the VM if required.

• Specify users or groups to be added to the Remote Desktop Users group: Select this option and then click the [+] icon to add specific users to the group.

When done specifying the options, click OK to close the dialog.

Now click the Install button and follow the onscreen instructions to install the agent software.

Once done, verify that the agent is installed by looking at the Status field on the Check Agent wizard page. If so, continue to the next section that describes Step 2: Configure the template.

This page is used to configure template distribution to multiple Microsoft Hyper-V hosts. Note that this page will only appear if the source VM is a Microsoft Hyper-V machine. For the description of this feature and requirements, please see Multi-provider template distribution.

To configure template distribution:

1. Select the Enable multi-provider template distribution option.

2. In the Available list, select one or more providers and click Add (or Add all to add all available providers). Note that only providers of the same type and subtype as the source VM are displayed in this list.

3. In the Number of providers for concurrent distribution field, specify the number of concurrent distribution operations. The template is distributed to target hosts using Hyper-V Live Migration, which first exports the virtual machine to a file and then moves it to the destination host. For each host in the Target list, a Live Migration operation must be performed. The number specified here dictates how many network copy operations should be started at the same time. The larger the number, the more network resources will be required. Note that virtual machine exports (the first step of Live Migration) are always done one VM at a time, so the number you specify here affect only the copy operations.

When done, click Next to proceed to the next wizard page.

The Advanced page has different properties for different types of Providers. The differences are described below.

Hypervisor-based Providers:

• Cluster Shared Volume (CSV), Network share: These two options appear if you are using Hyper-V Failover Cluster. They allow you to select a type of storage where hosts will be created. Select a desired option and then click the [...] button next to the edit field. Depending on the option selected, specify a Cluster Shared Volume or network folder. Note that a shared folder must be compatible with SMB 3.0. Please also note that the same credentials used to register Microsoft Hyper-V host as a Provider will be used to access the SMB file share for Hosts.

  Please also read the important note below.

• Folder: This option is available if you are using Hyper-V, VMware vCenter, or Nutanix AHV (AOS). It specifies a folder where hosts will be created.

• Use a separate network interface for LAN access: This option is available if you are using any of the Hyper-V or VMware providers. Specifies the network interface that will be used by Connection Broker and Provider Agent. This is useful if a template has several network interfaces and you want to use a specific one for communication with Parallels RAS. If you select this option, you also need to specify the following:

  • Address: IP address of the network interface.

  • Subnet mask: Subnet mask of the IP address.

• Resource pool: Specifies a VMware resource pool.

• Physical Host: Available for VMware vCenter. Specifies a physical host where hosts will be created.

• Enable hardware acceleration graphics licensing support: This option is available if you are using VMware vCenter or VMware ESXi. Select it to allow vGPU-enabled hosts to unregister their vGPU licenses from the license server on shutdown.

Microsoft Azure Provider:

• Resource group: Select an Azure resource group where the cloned VM will be created. Note that this must be a group to which you granted permissions to the Microsoft Entra ID app. For details, see Create a Microsoft Entra ID application.

• Size: Select a VM size to be used for cloned VMs.

• OS disk type: Select a disk type to be used for cloned VMs.

When you create VDI host pools, you can assign a template to a pool. This can be done when you create or modify a pool, or it can be done from the Templates tab.

To assign a template to a host pool:

1. On the Templates tab, select a template.

2. Click Tasks > Assign to pool. A wizard opens.

3. On the Versions page, select the template version that will be assigned to the host pool.

4. (Optional) On the Host pool page, select the host pools that you want to recreate on schedule and click the Next button. You will see a dialog that allows you to schedule recreation. Configure the schedule according to your needs and click Next.

5. Click Finish.

To remove a template from a host pool:

1. Select a template and click Tasks > Remove from pool.

2. A dialog opens listing all host pools to which this template is assigned.

3. Select the host pools to remove the template from and click OK.

Note that if a host pool has hosts created from the template that you are removing, they will be removed as well. A message is displayed where you need to confirm the removal.

On the License Keys page, specify the license key information that will be used to activate virtual machines created from this template.

First, select the license key management type that you are using in your organization (KMS or MAK). Parallels recommend to use KMS because MAK has limited activations.

Key Management Service (KMS): If you are using KMS, click the Finish button to save the template configuration information. Virtual machines that will be created from this template will look for KMS in DNS (at the end of the OS mini-setup and domain joining) and will be activated accordingly.

Multiple Activation Keys (MAK): If you are using MAK, do the following:

1. Click the Add button and type a valid key in the License key field.

2. In the Max. guests field, specify the key limit. The limit should be greater than or equal to the max guests in the template (which you set on the first page of the wizard)

3. Click OK.

Hosts are created from a template automatically. In a situation when one or more additional hosts are required, you can add (create) them manually.

To add a host:

1. In the RAS Console, navigate to Farm > <Site> > VDI > Hosts.

2. Click the [+] icon at the top of the list.

3. In the Add Hosts dialog that opens, select a template from which to create a new host,

4. Specify the number of hosts to create. If the number you specify exceeds the Maximum hosts value set in the host pool properties (taking into account the number of VMs that already exist), you'll see a warning message and will need use a lower number or change the maximum host number on the Provisioning tab of the host pools properties.

5. Click OK to close the dialog.

6. After you click Apply in the RAS Console, the new hosts will appear in the list on the Desktop tab with the Status column saying "Cloning". Once the cloning is complete, the new hosts become available to users.

If you need to change the configuration of an existing template, select it in the Templates list and click Tasks > Properties. This opens the Template Properties dialog, which consists of tabs containing the same properties as the wizard pages described in Step 2: Configure the template.

For the description of the Multi-Provider Template Distribution feature, please see the Multi-provider template distribution section.

Adding or removing Providers from the distribution list

You can add or remove a Provider to/from a distribution list at any time using the template Properties dialog. To open the dialog, right-click a template on the VDI > Templates tab and choose Properties.

Template distribution status

After you complete the Create Parallels Template Wizard and create a template, or when you add/remove a Provider to/from an existing template, you can monitor the template distribution status on the Templates tab. The status is displayed in the Distribution column and may have the following values:

• Distributing — the distribution is in progress (the template is being distributed to target hosts).

• OK — the template has been successfully distributed to all specified hosts.

• Removing / Adding provider — A Provider is being added or removed.

• Failed to distribute — indicates that an error has occurred during the distribution operation.

Distribution details

The Tasks > Distribution details menu on the Templates tab opens a dialog where you can view the current distribution State and Progress indicators for the Providers that use this template.

The Progress column displays the same values as the Distribution column in the main template list (see above).

The State column may display one of the following:

• Ready — The Provider is ready.

• Not available — The Provider is not responding.

• Needs update — The template distribution operation may need to be performed again. You can click the Retry button to retry the template distribution operation for this host.

Leaving maintenance mode

When a template leaves the maintenance mode, a prompt is usually displayed saying that "All hosts must be recreated because the template has been modified. Do you want to recreate them now?". If the administrator clicks Yes and the template uses multi-provider distribution, Parallels RAS verifies the status of each provider. If a Provider is not responding, a message is displayed, asking the administrator to check the provider status. You can bring the provider back online and try recreating the hosts again. If this cannot be done at this time, you can recreate the hosts later.

To verify that a template is functioning as intended, you can examine its status in the main template list in the RAS Console (the Status column). When a template is functioning properly, the Status column displays "Ready", which means that hosts can be created from it as needed. When a template is being created or when it's in maintenance, or when it's being removed, the status will change accordingly.

Note that one of the other columns in the table is Agent status, which is the status of the RAS Guest Agent installed in a template. Compared to servers in the RAS infrastructure (Connection Broker, Gateways, RD Session Hosts, etc), the agent status is not as important in a template as the template status. This is because a template is not a regular virtual machine and is not normally running, so checking the agent status in a stopped VM doesn't make much sense. This is why the agent status for a template in the RAS Console is usually Not Available, which is perfectly normal. The only situation when the Agent status displays a meaningful value is when the template is in Maintenance and running like a regular VM, in which case.the agent is also running an its status can be verified.

The tables below describe what the Status and Agent status columns will show for various template states or transitions.

Template creation

Template in production

Template in maintenance

Template removal

A host is called persistent when it is assigned to a particular user or device. To make a host persistent, do the following:

1. Begin publishing a desktop or a resource from a host.

2. When specifying Virtual Guest Settings options, select Enable static assignment to host.

3. Complete the publishing wizard.

4. As a result, the VM will be assigned to the first user or device who uses a desktop or a resource. For information on how to switch between user and device assignments see section Site defaults (VDI), subsection "General".

You can also manually assign a host to a user or device. To do so:

1. Navigate to Farm > <Site> > VDI > Desktops.

2. Select a host and click Tasks > Assign. You can assign a host to a user or device. For information on how to switch between user and device assignments see section Site defaults (VDI), subsection "General".

3. To assign to a user, specify the user registered in Active Directory.

4. To assign to a device, select one of the following options:

   • Add from Active Director allows you to add a device joined to a domain in Active Directory.

   • Add from known device allows you to add a device known to RAS Device Manager.

   • Add custom entry allows you to input the device name manually

5. As a result, the host will be assigned to the selected user.

To view persistent hosts, navigate to Farm > <Site> > VDI > Desktops. A persistent host is identified by the Persistent value in the Assignment column.

To remove persistence from a host, do one of the following:

• Select a host on the Desktops tab and then click Tasks > Unassign.

• Navigate to Farm > <Site> > VDI > Desktops and click Tasks > Site defaults. In the dialog that opens, use the Auto remove persistence if host was not used for option to select the time period after which persistence should be automatically removed. You can also type any desired time period, such as "1 week 3 days".

The Scheduler tab allows you to create scheduler tasks that will be performed on individual hosts or host pools at a specified time.

Disabling hosts and hosts in pools

To disable a host or a host in a pool:

1. Click Tasks > Add > Disable host or Disable host pool.

2. On the General tab, select the Enable Schedule option.

3. Specify a name for this schedule and an optional description.

4. Select a host or a pool in the Available list and click Add. The host or pool will appear in the Target list.

5. Select the Trigger tab and specify start date and time, duration, and recurrence settings for this event. To make this a one-time event, select Never in the Recur drop-down list.

6. Select the Options tab. It contains the following options:

   • Message list: Configure a message that will be sent to users before the host goes offline. Click Tasks > Add and specify the message title, body, and the time period when it should be sent.

   • On disable: Specify what should happen to current sessions when a scheduled task triggers. Select the desired option from the On disable drop-down list.

   • Enforce schedule for currently inactive hosts: This option is only enabled when you have an active message in the list. If the option is enabled, hosts that are currently offline are also monitored, and if such a server comes back online during the scheduled task execution, the task is applied to it too.

7. Click OK to save the schedule.

Rebooting hosts and hosts in pools

To reboot a host or a host in a pool:

1. Click Tasks > Add > Reboot host or Reboot host pool.

2. On the General tab, select the Enable Schedule option.

3. Specify a name for this schedule and an optional description.

4. Select a host or a pool in the Available list and click Add. The host or pool will appear in the Target list.

5. Select the Trigger tab and specify start date, time, and recurrence settings for this event. To make this a one-time event, select Never in the Recur drop-down list. In addition, specify the following options for the "Reboot host pool" task:

   • Complete in: Specify the time to complete the task.

6. Select the Options tab. It contains the following options:

   • Message list: Configure a message that will be sent to users before the host is rebooted. Click Tasks > Add and specify the message title, body, and the time period when it should be sent.

   • Enable Drain Mode and Force server reboot after: The two options work together. If you select the Enable Drain Mode option, then when the task triggers, new connections to a host are refused but active connections will continue to run and can be reconnected. The server will be rebooted when all active users close their sessions or when Force server reboot after time is reached, whichever comes first. For active users not to lose their work, create a message that will advise them to save their work and log off.

   • Enforce schedule for currently inactive hosts: This option is only enabled when you have an active message in the list. If the option is enabled, hosts that are currently offline are also monitored, and if such a server comes back online during the scheduled task execution, the task is applied to it too.

7. Click OK to save the schedule.

Starting up hosts and hosts in pools

To start up a host or a host in a pool:

1. Click Tasks > Add > Startup host or Startup host pool.

2. On the General tab, select the Enable Schedule option.

3. Specify a name for this schedule and an optional description.

4. Select a host or a pool in the Available list and click Add. The host or pool will appear in the Target list.

5. Select the Trigger tab and specify start date, time, and recurrence settings for this event. To make this a one-time event, select Never in the Recur drop-down list.

6. ("Startup host pool" task only) Select the Options tab. It contains the following options:

   • Power on all members: Select this option to start up all hosts assigned to specific users.

   • Percentage of members: Select this option to specify the percentage of hosts that must be started up in each pool.

   • Specific number of members to be started: Select this option to specify the number of hosts that must be started up in each pool.

7. Click OK to save the schedule.

Shutting down hosts and hosts in pools

To shut down a host or a host in a pool:

1. Click Tasks > Add > Shutdown host or Shutdown host pool.

2. On the General tab, select the Enable Schedule option.

3. Specify a name for this schedule and an optional description.

4. Select a host or a pool in the Available list and click Add. The host or pool will appear in the Target list.

5. Select the Trigger tab and specify start date, time, and recurrence settings for this event. To make this a one-time event, select Never in the Recur drop-down list.

6. Select the Options tab. It contains the following options:

   • Message list: Configure a message that will be sent to users before the host is rebooted. Click Tasks > Add and specify the message title, body, and the time period when it should be sent.

   • Enable Drain Mode and Force server shutdown after: The two options work together. If you select the Enable Drain Mode option, then when the task triggers, new connections to a host are refused but active connections will continue to run. The server will be shut down when all active users close their sessions or when Force server reboot after time is reached, whichever comes first. For active users not to lose their work, create a message that will advise them to save their work and log off.

   • Enforce schedule for currently inactive hosts: This option is only enabled when you have an active message in the list. If the option is enabled, hosts that are currently offline are also monitored, and if such a server comes back online during the scheduled task execution, the task is applied to it too.

Recreating hosts and host pools

To recreate a specific host or all hosts in a host pool:

1. Click Tasks > Add > Recreate host from template or Recreate host pool from template.

2. On the General tab, select the Enable Schedule option.

3. Specify a name for this schedule and an optional description.

4. Select a host or a pool in the Available list and click Add. The host or pool will appear in the Target list.

5. Select the Trigger tab and specify start date, time, and recurrence settings for this event. To make this a one-time event, select Never in the Recur drop-down list.

6. Select the Options tab. It contains the following options:

   • Message list: Configure a message that will be sent to users before the host is rebooted. Click Tasks > Add and specify the message title, body, and the time period when it should be sent.

   • Enable Drain Mode, Force host recreation after, and Force host pool recreation after: The options work together. If you select the Enable Drain Mode option, then when the task triggers, new connections to a host are refused but active connections will continue to run. The server will be recreated when all active users close their sessions or when the time specified in Force host recreation after or Force host pool recreation after is reached, whichever comes first. For active users not to lose their work, create a message that will advise them to save their work and log off.

   • Enforce schedule for currently inactive hosts: This option is only enabled when you have an active message in the list. If the option is enabled, hosts that are currently offline are also monitored, and if such a server comes back online during the scheduled task execution, the task is applied to it too.

Sending multiple messages to users

For Disable Host and Disable Host Pool tasks, you can only send a message before the scheduled task is triggered. Hence, when creating a message, you can only select the "before" option when specifying when the message should be sent. You can create more than one message if needed and send them at different time intervals, so the users are notified more than once before the task executes.

For Reboot Host and Reboot Host pool tasks, you can send a message before or after the scheduled task is triggered. The "after" option is available for these tasks because you have the ability to enable the drain mode, which will keep the active sessions running for some time. During this time, you can send multiple messages to active users reminding them that they should finish their work and close their sessions. To use the "after" option, the Enable Drain Mode option must be selected. Please also note that the "after" time interval and the Force server reboot after setting should be coordinated. For example, if the force reboot occurs before the "after" time elapses, active users will not have a chance to see the message.

There are two basic types of hosts when using Parallels RAS VDI: template-based and non-template based. This topic describes management tasks for both host types, indicating whether a task applies to a particular host type.

Viewing host list

To view the list of non-template based hosts, select Farm > <Site> > VDI > Desktops. If you have a filter applied to the list, remove it by click the magnifying glass icon. Without the filter, the list shows all desktops available in this RAS Farm, including hosts (both template-based and non-template based), hosts from a pool (RAS or native), and pool-based Remote PCs. Therefore, the Desktops tab is a location where you can view all of your desktops in one place. Here you can perform all of the standard desktop management tasks accessible from the Tasks menu, including Recreate, Delete, Assign, Unassign, Start, Stop, Restart, Suspend, Reset, Show sessions, and others.The Restart operation (graceful) has a 10 min timeout. If not completed during this time, the Reset operation (forced) will be used.

To view the list of hosts created from a template, select Farm > <Site> > VDI > Templates. Select a template and click Tasks > Show hosts. You will be switched to the Desktops tab where the list of desktops will be filtered to include only those that belong to the template. As was mentioned above, you can perform all of the standard desktop management operations on this tab, including power operations, which are described in detail later in this section.

For the list to include only the hosts from a particular pool, select a pool in the Pools tab and click Tasks > Show hosts in Pool.

The filter in the Desktop tab can also be applied manually by clicking the magnifying glass icon and entering the filter criteria in the fields that appear at the top of the list.

Site defaults

Hosts created from a template inherit the template settings. To view the settings, note on which template a host is based and then view properties of that template, specifically the Settings and Security tabs. For more information, see . Note that you a template can inherit Site default settings or you can specify your own custom settings for it.

Non-template based hosts have their own settings, some of which (specifically Settings and Security) are inherited from . To see settings for a non template-based VM, navigate to Farm > <Site> > VDI > Desktops. A host that doesn't belong to a template is identified by an empty value in the Template column. Right-click a template and choose Properties (note that template-based hosts do not have this menu option).

Checking the RAS Guest Agent status

A host must have the RAS Guest Agent installed and the agent must match the Parallels RAS version. The agent is installed by default when a host is created from a template. If a host was created using the native hypervisor tools, it may not have the agent installed in it. In such a case, the host will be able to serve only the remote desktop. To enable it to server applications or documents, you'll need to install the agent yourself.

To check if the RAS Guest Agent is installed in a host and is up to date:

1. Select a host in the list and then click Tasks > Troubleshooting > Check agent.

2. The Guest Agent Information dialog opens displaying the information about the RAS Guest Agent.

3. If the agent is not installed, click the Install button and follow the instructions. The agent will be push installed in Windows running inside the host.

Deleting a host

To delete a template-based host, select it and then click the Tasks > Delete.

Managing hosts that failed preparation

1. Select Farm > <Site> > VDI > Desktop and then click Tasks > Site defaults.

2. In the dialog that opens, on the General tab, view or modify (if needed) the Auto remove hosts which failed preparation after option. You can set any of the available time periods by selecting it from the drop-down list or you can type a desired value, such as "8 days" or "12 hours".

Recreating a host

If something happens to a template-based host and it becomes unusable, you don't have to delete it and create a new one. Instead, you can recreate it keeping its name, MAC address, and other properties. This way none of the other Site settings, which may rely on a broken host, will be affected. Another reason for recreating a host is to apply changes made to the template (when you exit from maintenance without executing the Recreate command).

Please note that recreated VMs can keep the the following properties:

• MAC address is kept on ESXi, vCenter, Hyper-v, Hyper-v Failover Cluster, Nutanix AHV (AOS), and SC//HyperCore.

• BIOS UUID is kept on ESXi and vCenter.

• DRS groups are kept on vCenter.

To recreate one or more hosts:

1. In the Parallels RAS Console, navigate to Farm > <Site> > VDI > Templates.

2. To recreate all deployed hosts, click the Tasks drop-down list and choose Recreate all hosts.

3. To recreate a specific host (or multiple hosts), click Tasks > Show hosts. This will open the Desktops tab, which will list hosts. Select one or more hosts and then click the Tasks > Recreate.

When you recreate a host:

• The procedure deletes a VM and creates a new one from the same template.

• The new host retains the same computer name as the one it replaces.

• If a host is running, all unsaved data in its memory will be lost. For this reason, an important data should be saved to an external storage.

Please see .